Docker Optimization Guide 🚀

Image Optimization 📦

Multi-stage Builds

# Build stage
FROM node:18-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

# Production stage
FROM node:18-alpine
COPY --from=builder /app/dist ./dist
RUN npm ci --only=production
CMD ["node", "dist/main.js"]

Layer Optimization

# ✅ Combine commands
RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y \
      curl \
      nginx \
      postgresql-client && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# ✅ Use .dockerignore
node_modules
npm-debug.log
Dockerfile
.git
.env

Runtime Optimization ⚡

Resource Limits

version: '3.8'
services:
  app:
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: '0.50'
          memory: 512M
        reservations:
          memory: 256M

Container Settings

# Otimizar garbage collector
docker run -e "GOGC=100" app

# Tuning JVM
docker run \
  -e "JAVA_OPTS=-XX:+UseG1GC -XX:MaxRAMPercentage=75" \
  java-app

Storage Optimization 💾

Volume Performance

# tmpfs para dados temporários
docker run \
  --tmpfs /tmp:rw,noexec,nosuid,size=1g \
  nginx

# Volume otimizado
docker volume create --driver local \
  --opt type=ext4 \
  --opt device=/dev/sda1 \
  fast-storage

I/O Tuning

services:
  db:
    volumes:
      - data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    blkio_config:
      weight: 1000
      device_read_bps:
        - path: /dev/sda
          rate: '100mb'

Network Optimization 🌐

DNS Settings

# DNS otimizado
docker run \
  --dns 8.8.8.8 \
  --dns-search example.com \
  nginx

Network Mode

# Host networking para performance
docker run --network host nginx

# Container networking otimizado
docker run \
  --network-alias=fastnet \
  --dns=8.8.8.8 \
  nginx

Build Optimization 🏗️

BuildKit Features

# Habilitar BuildKit
export DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1

# Build paralelo
docker buildx build \
  --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 \
  --push .

Cache Strategies

# ✅ Otimizar cache
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci
COPY . .

# Cache em registry
docker buildx build \
  --cache-from type=registry,ref=user/app:cache \
  --cache-to type=registry,ref=user/app:cache \
  .

Memory Optimization 🧠

Memory Management

# Limites de memória
docker run \
  --memory="512m" \
  --memory-swap="1g" \
  --memory-reservation="256m" \
  nginx

# OOM settings
docker run \
  --oom-kill-disable \
  --memory="1g" \
  nginx

CPU Optimization 💻

CPU Allocation

# CPU limits
docker run \
  --cpus=".5" \
  --cpu-shares=512 \
  nginx

# CPU pinning
docker run \
  --cpuset-cpus="0,1" \
  nginx

Optimization Checklist ✅

Build Time

[x] Multi-stage builds
[x] Layer optimization
[x] .dockerignore
[x] BuildKit enabled
[x] Cache strategies

Runtime

[x] Resource limits
[x] Volume optimization
[x] Network tuning
[x] Memory management
[x] CPU allocation

Monitoring & Metrics 📊

Performance Metrics

# Container stats
docker stats --no-stream --format \
  "table {{.Container}}\t{{.CPUPerc}}\t{{.MemUsage}}"

# I/O metrics
docker stats --format \
  "table {{.Container}}\t{{.BlockIO}}\t{{.NetIO}}"

Best Practices Matrix 📋

Área	Otimização	Impacto
Build	Multi-stage	Redução de tamanho
Runtime	Resource limits	Estabilidade
Storage	Volume drivers	I/O Performance
Network	Host networking	Latência reduzida

Waifu Optimization Tips 💫

Quick Reference 📚

Common Optimizations

# Build otimizado
DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 docker build --no-cache .

# Runtime otimizado
docker run \
  --cpus=2 \
  --memory=2g \
  --network host \
  app

# Storage otimizado
docker volume create --driver local \
  --opt type=tmpfs \
  --opt device=tmpfs \
  --opt o=size=1g \
  fast-volume

16 abril 2025