Docker Caching Guide 🚀

Build Cache Optimization 📦

Layer Caching

# ✅ Dependências primeiro
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci

# ✅ Código fonte depois
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

BuildKit Cache

# ✅ Cache mount para build
RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
    go build -o app

# ✅ Cache mount para package managers
RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.npm \
    npm ci

Registry Cache 🌐

Registry Caching

# Cache em registry remoto
docker buildx build \
  --cache-from type=registry,ref=user/app:cache \
  --cache-to type=registry,ref=user/app:cache \
  .

# Pull com cache
docker pull --cache-from user/app:cache myapp

Multi-registry Cache

# docker-compose.yml
services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      cache_from:
        - registry-1.example.com/myapp:cache
        - registry-2.example.com/myapp:cache

Local Cache Management 💾

Volume Cache

version: '3.8'
services:
  app:
    build: .
    volumes:
      # Cache de dependências
      - deps:/app/node_modules
      # Cache de build
      - build:/app/build

volumes:
  deps:
  build:

Bind Mount Cache

# Cache de desenvolvimento
docker run \
  -v $(pwd):/app \
  -v node_modules:/app/node_modules \
  node:alpine npm install

Cache Invalidation ⚡

Estratégias de Invalidação

# ✅ Cache bust com ARG
ARG CACHE_BUST=unknown
RUN echo "${CACHE_BUST}" && npm ci

# ✅ Cache com checksum
COPY package.json package-lock.json ./
RUN echo "$(md5sum package-lock.json)" > /tmp/hash \
    && npm ci

Cache Cleanup

# Limpar cache local
docker builder prune --filter until=24h

# Limpar volumes de cache
docker volume rm $(docker volume ls -q -f name=*cache*)

Development Cache 🔧

Hot Reload Cache

# docker-compose.dev.yml
services:
  app:
    volumes:
      - .:/app
      - node_modules:/app/node_modules
      - build_cache:/app/.next
    environment:
      - NODE_ENV=development

volumes:
  node_modules:
  build_cache:

Multi-stage Cache

# Build cache
FROM node:alpine AS deps
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci

# Development
FROM node:alpine AS dev
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=deps /app/node_modules ./node_modules
COPY . .
CMD ["npm", "run", "dev"]

# Production build
FROM dev AS builder
RUN npm run build

# Production
FROM node:alpine
COPY --from=builder /app/dist ./dist
CMD ["npm", "start"]

Cache Best Practices ✅

DO's

[x] Use multi-stage builds
[x] Organize layers por mutabilidade
[x] Implemente BuildKit cache mounts
[x] Utilize registry caching
[x] Mantenha volumes de cache separados

DON'Ts

[ ] Misturar dependências com código
[ ] Ignorar .dockerignore
[ ] Cachear dados sensíveis
[ ] Acumular cache desnecessário
[ ] Usar cache em produção sem necessidade

Performance Matrix 📊

Tipo de Cache	Uso	Performance
Layer	Build	Alta
BuildKit	Build	Muito Alta
Registry	Distribuição	Média
Volume	Runtime	Alta
Bind Mount	Desenvolvimento	Média

Waifu Cache Tips 💫

Quick Reference 📚

Common Commands

# Rebuild sem cache
docker build --no-cache .

# Usar cache específico
docker build --cache-from myapp:cache .

# Limpar cache
docker builder prune

# Inspecionar cache
docker system df -v

Cache Configuration

# .dockerignore
node_modules
npm-debug.log
Dockerfile
.git
.cache

# docker-compose.yml
services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      cache_from:
        - myapp:cache
    volumes:
      - build-cache:/app/build

volumes:
  build-cache:

16 abril 2025